Xylem Structure and Function

Note Packet

Lesson Topic Statement(s) and Objective(s) Activities
1 Overview  

Initial knowledge audit

Note packet

Overview page

Booklet cover page

Review of vascular plants

Vascular plants CFU

2 Root Transport

9.1.U5:  Active uptake of mineral ions in the roots causes absorption of water by osmosis

  • Explain why roots are hypertonic relative to the soil.

  • Outline the role of active transport in maintaining root tonicity.

  • Describe how water enters roots from the soil.

  • Compare the symplastic and apoplastic pathways of water transport through the root.

Root transport notes

Root transport handwritten notes

Root transport model

Root transport booklet

Root histology lab

Root transport CFU

3 Xylem Structure

9.1.S1:  Drawing the structure of primary xylem vessels in sections of stems based on microscope images.

  • Draw a xylem vessel tube, labeling cellulose wall and helical lignin thickening.


9.2.S2:  Identification of xylem and phloem in microscope images of stem and root.

  • State two ways xylem cells can be identified in cross sections of stem and root.

  • Identify xylem given microscope images of stem and root.

Xylem structure booklet

Xylem structure CFU

Celery xylem lab

Root and stem slides hint

Xylem histology handwritten notes

Root cross section

Stem cross section

Stem histology lab

Virtual xylem histology lab

4 Water Properties and Transpiration

9.1.U2:  Plants transport water from the roots to the leaves to replace losses from transpiration

  • Outline structures and mechanisms involved in the flow of water from roots to leaves. 


9.1.U4:  The adhesive property of water and evaporation generate tension forces in leaf cell walls.

  • Explain the decrease in pressure and transpiration-pull that results from evaporation of water from the leaf.

  • State that transpiration is a passive process. 


9.1.U3:  The cohesive property of water and the structure of the xylem vessels allow transport under tension

  • Describe structure of xylem. 

  • Outline how xylem is able to maintain rigidity even under low pressure or mechanical disturbance. 

  • Outline polarity of water molecules.

  • Define cohesion.

Water properties in Transpiration notes

Water properties in Transpiration handwritten

Water properties in Transpiration booklet

Xylem transport video

Water in xylem CFU

Cohesion tension model image

Scitable:  water uptake and transport

TED Ed: Valentin Hammoudi: How tall can a tree grow?

A&B:  Antigravity plumbing (questions)

A&B:  Reading Trees a sip away from death

A&B:  Deforestation in the tropics linked to a reduction in rainfall -- ScienceDaily
5 Modeling transpiration

9.1.A2:  Models of water transport in xylem using simple apparatus including blotting or filter paper, porous pots and capillary tubing

  • Explain use of models in science.

  • Describe simple models of water transport, inclusive of evaporation, adhesion and cohesion. 


9.1.NOS:  Use models as representations of the real world-mechanisms involved in water transport in the xylem can be investigated using apparatus and material that show similarities in structure to plant tissues

  • State a similarity and a difference between transpiration models and transpiration in plant tissues.

Transpiration models notes

Transpiration models booklet

6 Evaporation from Stomata

9.1.U1:  Transpiration is the inevitable consequence of gas exchange in the leaf

  • Define transpiration.

  • Outline gas exchange that occurs through leaf stomata.

Leaves and Transpiration pull notes

Leaves and Transpiration pull booklet

Evaporation from stomata handwritten notes

Evaporation from Stomata CFU

Leaf impression lab

Virtual leaf impressions lab

Fossil Atmospheres — Zooniverse

7 Transpiration lab

9.1.S2:  Measurement of transpiration rates using photometers (Practical 7)

  • Describe the use of a potometer to measure transpiration rates.


9.1.S3:  Design of an experiment to test hypothesis about the effects of temperatures or humidity on transpiration rates

  • Identify the manipulated, responding and controlled variables in an experiment to test the effect of an abiotic factor on the rate of transpiration.

Measuring transpiration notes

Measuring transpiration booklet

Transpiration stem potometer lab

Transpiration stem potometer lab as DBQ

Transpiration lab prompts

Transpiration lab directions by class period

Transpiration lab daily data submission form

Transpiration lab analysis

Debrief of lab analysis

Virtual transpiration lab

Transpiration lab as inquiry

Vernier pressure probes transpiration lab

Whole plant transpiration slides

Whole plant transpiration prompts

Whole plant transpiration lab as DBQ

8 Effect of Abiotic Factors

Factors affecting transpiration slides

Factors affecting transpiration booklet

Factors affecting transpiration hand written notes

Factors affecting transpiration CFU

Researchers identify elusive carbon dioxide sensor in plants that controls water loss -- ScienceDaily
9 Adaptations

9.1.A1:  Adaptations of plants in deserts and in saline soils for water conservation

  • Define xerophyte and halophytic.

  • Outline strategies used by xerophytes  and halophytes to reduce water loss.

Adaptations slides

Adaptations CFU

Nature's fortress: How cacti keep water in and predators out

10 Wrap Up and Review  

1-pager

Review slides

Final knowledge audit

Kahoot review

Quizizz review